它们不为银行提供直接的收入或收入.
他们被描述为 “金融的扫兴者”.
They have put the brakes on some of the most lucrative services banks can offer.
Yet, they are the fastest growing job 在金融服务业.
With so much focus on job growth in the tech world, it would have been easy to miss the 合规官员的重大职业发展 在金融服务业. 由于自动化，银行的规模缩小了, 专业化, 竞争与成本削减, 顺应性函数则相反地蓬勃发展.
合规官是金融机构的内部警察, 提供监督以确保法规遵从性, 阻止腐败和不法行为, 让政府监管机构高兴.
在世纪之交, 合规官员通常被限制在孤立的风险部门, 占劳动力的5%. 自2008年以来, compliance officers have more than doubled their presence in financial institutions globally and they are far more embedded within the business. They now warrant their own teams and divisions to ensure compliance with local and international regulations.
领英(LinkedIn)的数据显示，2015年至2017年期间，金融广告数量大幅增加 伦敦的合规工作增加了65%这实际上低于其他欧洲国家的增长. 早在2014年，花旗集团(Citigroup Inc. 据报道,有 30000名员工 in compliance or regulatory roles– enough to fill up the O2 Arena one and a half times.
对监管力度加大的反应
The need for expanding compliance functions is motivated by the significant increase in regulatory legislation and its stringent enforcement, 这是对全球金融危机的自然反应. Driven by a combination of public pressure and renewed governmental focus, the aim of enhanced regulation is to reduce risk and risky behaviors in banks to avoid another cataclysmic economic depression.
托马斯路透全球监管情报主管, 斯科特McClesky, described how the enforcement of regulation used to be seen as a “tsunami” that would “wreak havoc and then go,“但是…… post-GFC compliance crackdown is “more like global warming, in that the tide just continues to rise.”
The ‘new normal’ for banks is intense scrutiny on how they conduct business and which customers they take on. 对犯罪行为的无知不再是公认的辩护理由. 结果是, 银行不得不取消某些商业惯例, 停止在某些国家的业务, 离开可疑客户, 并建立强大的合规部门来监督这些变化.
如果你认为监管者是在虚张声势, you haven’t looked at the tremendous size of the fines being doled out to non-compliers. 在过去的十年里，结束了 260亿美元 因未能遵守制裁而向世界各地的银行发出的罚单, Anti-Money Laundering/Counter Terrorism Financing (AML/CTF) or Know Your Customer (KYC) regulations.
Financial institutions are reacting swiftly to the increasing frequency and size of fines for compliance breaches. 去年在英国 1 million individuals were turned away by banks and 375,000 customers exited 以降低暴露于金融犯罪的风险.
技能短缺
Hiring of compliance officers has correlated with the proportion of regulatory fines. Yet, this thirst for compliance professionals has revealed a shortage in the market. Combined with the impending Brexit fallout and the complex legal implications that require compliance specialists, 人们越来越担心足够技能的供应问题.
以满足他们的人员需求, 更大的机构有能力无休止地搜索市场, 为挖来的专家提供更丰厚的薪酬待遇, 或者培养自己的人才，引进研究生项目. Smaller companies are more likely to suffer without the excess financial resources, 巩固市场竞争的另一个缓冲.
However, there is a solution that can fill the skills shortage at a fraction of the price.
监管科技时代
The new heralded era of Regulatory Technology (RegTech) is an exciting advancement that should enable firms to reduce many of the manual risk management processes performed across the business today, 同时也大大增强了合规的作用.
RegTech vendors offer software that can assist with everything from holistic customer risk profiles (where they review all elements of financial crime to create a single risk assessment), 政府自动报告, 加强网络安全. Tech can be adopted to automate monotonous processes – such as reviewing payments for sanctions breaches, 识别客户消费中的欺诈模式, 或简化AML和KYC检查. Automation can alleviate a lot of the monotonous manual review work in the 第一道防线, 这通常会消耗公司的资源, giving more breathing room for compliance officers to review and oversee the risk management policies and procedures.
例如, PelicanAI的软件支持自我学习 uses AI/ML to mimic and learn from manual reviewers to accelerate the analysis of sanctions hits, reducing review time by up to 80% and decreasing false positive hit rates by up to 72%. Similarly, for banks with any business beyond its borders, automation platforms such as 多维数据集 offer a way to manage the international regulations over 180 countries and 60 languages. DataVisor uses machine learning to automatically detect malicious activity and detect fraud far quicker than a manual investigator. 这些例子仅仅触及了今天可用的东西的表面. With the abundance of choice, the question is not, “what is RegTech capable of?，问题是解决方案能多快得到实施.
遵从性角色, 因此, could shift from one that provides guidance to humans that carry out risk management technologies, to one that actually sets the parameters under which the systems will operate. 这个角色将会有更多的技术性, 这可能需要一套新的技能和经验.
对银行的好处是一个系统, 一旦设置好, 是否可以使用通用工具执行风险管理任务, 坚定不移的质量标准和对既定规则的遵守. Compliance Officers can focus attention more closely on ensuring the bank’s policies and procedures are as effective as possible, 而不是确保易犯错的人遵守它们. 银行将能够专注于培训员工, improving processes and working towards solving more complex financial crime issues, 比如船只追踪或国际洗钱. 除了, this will provide a net societal benefit by impeding avenues for malicious actors to commit financial wrongdoing.
随着国际贸易的蓬勃发展, 加强制裁，为金融犯罪提供新的数字渠道, compliance officers are increasingly integral in all FIs – and they will continue to be so in this era of RegTech. 虽然他们不提供任何直接收入, 唯一比顺从更昂贵的是不服从.
